What is Vascular Cognitive Impairment?
Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) is an umbrella term to describe all forms of cognitive (i.e., thinking, reasoning, remembering) disorders associated with vascular disease. VCI encompasses the full range of deficits from mild cognitive impairment to dementia.
Vascular disease and dysfunction contribute to most cases of dementia, often coexisting with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Vascular disease can lead to stroke, directly damaging the brain or, more subtly, can induce covert infarctions (i.e., obstructions to blood supply) and/or white matter lesions which accumulate over time and increase the risk for developing dementia. Neurodegenerative processes, including AD, are associated with severe vascular dysfunction.